NUPR1 and neoplasm: Importantly, the elevated NUPR1 expression has been implicated in tumor progression, therapy-induced resistance, and poor clinical outcomes in pancreatic cancer [18, 19], oral squamous cell carcinoma [12, 20], lung cancer [17, 21], liver cancer [22, 23], renal cancer [24], and breast cancer [25, 26], emerging as a promising therapeutic target.