("renal cell carcinoma" OR "kidney cancer" OR RCC) AND (neoadjuvant OR presurgical OR preoperative) AND (axitinib OR sunitinib OR sorafenib OR pazopanib OR cabozantinib OR "tyrosine kinase inhibitor*" OR TKI OR immunotherapy OR "immune checkpoint" OR nivolumab OR pembrolizumab OR atezolizumab OR "VEGF-TKI" OR "VEGFR-TKI") AND ("partial nephrectomy" OR "nephron-sparing" OR "nephron sparing" OR "partial nephrectom*"). This evidence concerns the gene KDR and renal cell carcinoma.