("renal cell carcinoma" OR "kidney cancer" OR RCC) AND (neoadjuvant OR presurgical OR preoperative) AND (axitinib OR sunitinib OR sorafenib OR pazopanib OR "tyrosine kinase inhibitor" OR TKI OR immunotherapy OR "immune checkpoint" OR nivolumab OR pembrolizumab OR atezolizumab OR "VEGF-TKI" OR "VEGFR-TKI") AND (partial nephrectomy OR nephron-sparing OR "partial nephrectom*"). This evidence concerns the gene KDR and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.