PRL and Hyponatremia: To assess the robustness of the model, a sensitivity analysis incorporating tumor functional status as a covariate confirmed that the three original predictors remained statistically significant: preoperative prolactin (OR 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.004, p = 0.004), preoperative sella turcica elevation (OR 1.200, 95% CI: 1.063–1.354, p = 0.003), and postoperative hyponatremia on the first 1–2 days (OR 6.647, 95% CI: 1.693–26.098, p = 0.007).