TYMS and cancer: Wael and Ashraf reported that N-substituted pyrimidine glycosides (39d and 39e) and triazolopyrimidine glycosides (39 and 39b) exhibited moderate activity (IC50 ∼ 8–30 μM), with 39 showing low toxicity in normal cells (IC50 > 50 μM), indicating their cancer cell specificity.48 Docking studies revealed that 37d and 37e bind to thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), respectively, with glycosyl moieties (glucose/xylose) forming hydrogen bonds with Asp218 or Ser residues (Kd ∼ 5–10 μM), thereby enhancing their solubility and specificity.