STAT3 and cancer: NOB inhibits cancer cell growth via the Nrf2/PI3K/Akt pathway and induces apoptosis by suppressing the PARP2-SIRT1/AMPK axis, inhibits the anti-angiogenic effects of STAT3 and VEGF, upregulates GSK-3β, and downregulates EMT-related factors, inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby suppressing the migration, invasion, EMT, and metastasis of cancer cells [26].