GPX4 and liver dysplastic nodule: Additionally, the role of non-classical ferroptosis regulators (e.g., FSP1, DHODH, and GCH1/BH4) in DN is largely unexplored; it is unknown whether these radical-trapping antioxidant pathways compensate for GPX4 deficiency in diabetic kidneys or if their dysfunction contributes to ferroptosis susceptibility.