ACSL4 and chronic kidney disease: Recent single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies (287, 288) have further revealed that in CKD, PT cells downregulate SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression, while interstitial fibroblasts upregulate pro-ferroptotic genes (e.g., ACSL4 and LOX), suggesting cell type-specific ferroptosis programs that drive fibrosis.