For instance, it remains undefined whether PKD1/PKD2 loss-of-function directly modulates the transcription or stability of ferroptosis regulators (e.g., SLC7A11, GPX4, and TFR1) or indirectly via downstream signaling cascades (e.g., cAMP/PKA and mTOR, which are known to be dysregulated in ADPKD). This evidence concerns the gene TFRC and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.