While virus-mediated manipulation of ERAP2 has thus far not been described, HCMV downregulates ERAP1 during infection using two microRNAs, miR-US4–1 and miR-UL122-5p, that target the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of ERAP1 (259, 260) (Table 5). The gene discussed is ERAP1; the disease is infection.