Namely, for individuals with T1D the respective populations are (1) overall NK cells (2), CD56dimCD16bright subpopulation (3), CD8-expressing CD3−CD19− NK cells (4), CD8+CD38+ (5), CD8+CD161+ (6), CD8+NKG2A+, and (7) CD8+EOMES+ NK subsets. This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.