CD8A and neoplasm: This immunological feature is well reflected in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HPV+ HNSCC: such TMEs are frequently characterized by a more pronounced inflammatory phenotype, including increased infiltration of CD8+ CTLs, cluster of differentiation 4 positive (CD4+) T helper 1 (Th1) cells, and APCs, as well as higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.