Independent predictors of CDI were an acute IBD flare (odds ratio [OR] 3.64; 95% confidence interval 1.91-6.91), concurrent CMV colitis (OR 6.34; 95% confidence interval 2.03-19.8) and CI infection (OR 7.79; 95% confidence interval 1.40-43.3).<h4>Conclusion</h4>VDZ and UST were not associated with excess CDI, CI or CMV risk, whereas anti‐TNF therapy conferred a higher burden of CMV colitis. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.