In the intention-to-treat analysis, GLP1 receptor agonist versus DPP4 inhibitor initiation was not associated with lower incident all-cause dementia (HR [95% CI]: 0.95 [0.87–1.04]; Fig. 2A); however, the as-treated analysis found a 21% lower risk with continuous use (HR [95% CI]: 0.79 [0.64–0.97]; Fig. 2B). Here, DPP4 is linked to dementia.