Compared with SGs formed by arsenite, heat shock or endoplasmic reticulum stress, the granules formed in response to viral infection tend to be smaller, only weakly recruit PABPC1 and polyadenylated mRNAs, do not require the phosphorylation of eIF2α for their formation and can include RNAse L bodies, which share many of the same markers with SGs and also form in response to viral infection57,75,76. The gene discussed is PABPC1; the disease is viral infectious disease.