SLC30A9 and cancer: To confirm that the observed phenotypes above were specifically due to the loss of SLC30A9 and not off-target effects of the shRNA, we re-expressed an shRNA-resistant SLC30A9 cDNA (shR-SLC30A9) in the SLC30A9 knockdown pCCa-1 primary cancer cells (with shSLC30A9-S2).