Mechanistic studies confirmed that DHM activates both NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways to stimulate IFN-γ production, induce autophagy, and enhance NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, thereby inhibiting HSC activation and attenuating liver fibrosis progression (Zhou et al., 2021). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.