Recently approved by Qilu pharmaceutical, the co-formulated anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 pair—Iparomlimab and tuvonralimab—has entered the armamentarium against advanced solid tumors, and its built-in dual-checkpoint blockade positions the regimen as an immediately exploitable backbone for SCLC combinations, potentially redefining second-line or maintenance strategies when layered onto chemotherapy, radioligand or cellular therapies (70). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and small cell lung carcinoma.