In conclusion, this study revealed aberrant tsRNA expression profiles in MM and identified Other-22_52-tRNA-Gly-GCC-1-M3, Other-36_54-tRNA-Met-CAT-2-M4, and Other-1_19-tRNA-SeC-TCA-1 as promising noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers, with Other-22_52-tRNA-Gly-GCC-1-M3 showing particular value for renal injury assessment. This evidence concerns the gene CAT and Miyoshi myopathy.