DDOST and hepatocellular carcinoma: To assess the biological roles of DDOST in HCC cells, we first knocked down DDOST in MHCC97H, Li-7 and Huh7 cells using two different siRNAs targeting DDOST (si-DDOST-1 and si-DDOST-3), as confirmed by western blotting analysis (Fig. 2a and Supplementary Fig. 3a).