Indeed, CP integrity is believed to play a significant role in cognition, as increasing research indicates that an enlarged CP is often associated with cognitive impairment in a myriad of conditions including mild cognitive impairment [9], Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [10, 11], Parkinson’s disease (PD) [12, 13], and multiple sclerosis (MS) [14, 15]. Here, CP is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.