Elevated IL-1β levels contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation common to both obesity and PCOS, linking IL-1β to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunctions in PCOS patients and making the interplay between IL-1β, obesity, and PCOS a significant area of research [61].The results indicating a significant increase in NLRP3 expression in the control group with BMI > 25 kg/m2 compared to PCOS patients suggest that the regulation of NLRP3 may differ between obese individuals with and without PCOS. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Obesity.