MUC5B and neoplasm: Moreover, GO/KEGG enrichment results suggest that MUC5B may promote LUAD progression through three interrelated mechanisms: (1) metabolic reprogramming via mitochondrial dysfunction and galactose metabolism; (2) genomic instability through disrupted DNA replication and cell cycle control; and (3) tumor microenvironment remodeling through altered protein-DNA interactions and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.