However, PD-L1-positive patients with high-risk factors—including poorly differentiated tumors (such as micropapillary adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors, excluding well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors), visceral pleural invasion, vascular invasion, or intra-alveolar spread —should undergo comprehensive evaluation through a multidisciplinary approach. Here, CD274 is linked to neuroendocrine neoplasm.