CAFs deposit new matrix proteins (e.g., collagens and fibronectin) and secrete growth factors (TGF-β, VEGF, PDGF, FGF2, and HGF) and cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL12/SDF-1) that jointly reprogram the matrix and tumor behavior (66). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.