Furthermore, IPF‐MΦs displayed enhanced interactions with myofibroblasts, ciliated cells, AT2 cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts, which are potentially driven by the ANXA1–FPR2 and NAMPT (ITGA5 + ITGB1) signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene ANXA1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.