An entirely different involvement of the TMPRSS2 gene has been detected in a high-frequency chromosomal aberration in prostate cancer, where fusion of the promoter region of the TMPRSS2 gene with the erythroblast-specific-related gene (ERG) results in androgen-driven overexpression of this oncogenic transcription factor [9]. The gene discussed is TMPRSS2; the disease is prostate carcinoma.