KCNA3 and channelopathy: Increased synaptic connectivity of neurons (e.g., excitatory glutaminergic neurons), channelopathies (voltage-gated ion channel shifts, and potassium channel deterioration and/or more persistent sodium channel), disruption of synaptic receptors (e.g., downregulation of GABAergic receptors), elevated excitatory neurotransmission (GLU), and decreased inhibitory neurotransmission (GABA) are documented to be the fundamental and primary mechanisms linked to epilepsy (Wojda et al. 2009).