Furthermore, recent research has identified key roles for the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1)/Akt-GSK3β-mPTP pathway and the AARS2-PKM2 metabolic axis in regulating this metabolic shift during myocardial ischemia (Amina et al., 2025; Zhang Z. et al., 2025). The gene discussed is PDK1; the disease is myocardial ischemia.