Data from a multicenter clinical study in China demonstrated that up to 40% of patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis developed rapidly progressive ILD (RP-ILD), with a 1-year mortality rate exceeding 50% (Jade et al., 2025; Yashan Zhou and Duan, 2024). This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and retinitis pigmentosa 1.