While they also cultured neurospheres under serum-free conditions to enrich for GB stem-like cells, these were still derived from the U-87 MG line, which lacks key features of primary tumours, including heterogeneity and true invasive behaviour.51 Notably, Casciati et al. reported that pulse exposure substantially influenced the fate of GB neurospheres by differentially regulating genes involved in hypoxia, inflammation, and p53/cell cycle checkpoints, ultimately reducing their capacity for neurosphere formation and transmigration in vitro. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is neoplasm.