APOE and chronic kidney disease: Evaluating biomarker-cognition associations in this population is essential, as known ADRD risk factors include age, sex, health factors, and APOE ε4 genotype, and plasma biomarker levels may be influenced by unique cardiometabolic profiles, higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and differences in genetic risk such as ancestry-specific APOE-ε4 allele distribution4,10–12.