ITGB8 and infection: To verify the role of integrin αVβ8 in SAFV-3 infection, we knocked out ITGAV or ITGB8 in WT and HeLaN-∆SLC cells (resulting in HeLaN-∆AV, HeLaN-∆B8, HeLaN-∆SLC∆AV, and HeLaN-∆SLC∆B8 cells) and established KO clones in which the loss of target gene expression on the cell surface and frameshift mutations were confirmed (Fig. 2b and Supplementary Figs. 2 and 4a).