Enhancing BCAA catabolism in the gut may modulate the intestinal BCAA‐mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 insulin receptor substrate 1‐phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase‐AKT axis, thereby mitigating the harmful effects of BCAAs on the insulin receptor substrate 1 signalling pathway and improving T2DM (Wang et al. 2024) (Figure 5). Here, IRS1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.