TNF-α inhibitor (adalimumab) — refractory uveitis (approved, VISUAL trials) (101)(A); IL-6R blockade (tocilizumab) — macular edema/inflammation (clinical/phase) (81)(A); IL-17 inhibition (mixed outcomes) (28)(A); Treg/Breg tolerance protocols (preclinical) (102, 103)(A). The gene discussed is IL6R; the disease is macular retinal edema.