Search strings combined retina-specific terms (retina/retinal; blood–retinal barrier/BRB), immune-mechanistic terms (immune privilege; microglia/macrophage; complement/C3/CFH; inflammasome/NLRP3; tolerance/ACAID (associated immune deviation); Treg/Th17), disease terms (AMD; geographic atrophy; nAMD; diabetic retinopathy/diabetic macular edema; retinitis pigmentosa/inherited retinal degeneration; non-infectious uveitis), and named interventions (pegcetacoplan; avacincaptad; faricimab; adalimumab; tocilizumab; minocycline; CX3CL1; CD200R; polysialic acid). The gene discussed is C3; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.