Existing studies document its cancer-promoting roles: in colorectal cancer it mediates metastasis via the FSCN1/fatty acid metabolism axis (54); in hepatocellular carcinoma it drives proliferation/migration and correlates with advanced staging and vascular invasion (55); in non-small cell lung cancer it promotes proliferation through the Cyclin A/PCNA pathway, leading to poor prognosis (56)—though its function in AML lacks reports. This evidence concerns the gene PCNA and hepatocellular carcinoma.