The expression of genes such as SPP1,OLFM3,HERPUD1,and CSF1R is related to cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, as well as the development and survival of macrophages, thus affecting tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and the structural and functional shaping of the microenvironment (Figure 4c, Supplementary Table 12). Here, OLFM3 is linked to neoplasm.