The first report came from a case study of a young patient with SLE who was successfully treated with anti-CD19 CAR T-cells and remained therapy- and disease-free 3 years posttreatment.180 This was followed by a case series in five SLE patients, demonstrating a rapid (within 3 months) and sustained remission.181 Notably, B-cell regeneration occurred within 3–4 months without disease recurrence, while the circulating CAR T-cell population contracted relatively quickly. This evidence concerns the gene CD19 and systemic lupus erythematosus.