Similarly, luteolin (10 mg/kg, p.o.)decreased neutrophil infiltration and reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels in BALF, inhibited TGF-β1 expression and collagen deposition, and ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis (Chen et al., 2010; Pan et al., 2024). Here, TGFB1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.