Juárez-Barber et al. (2023) pointed out that the expression of miR-21 is increased in the eutopic endometrium of patients with AM, and this is associated with the pathogenesis of AM and implantation failure. In the previous studies of our research group, it was found that the upregulation of miR-21 results in diminished PTEN expression, which subsequently leads to abnormal activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which is involved in aberrant autophagy in EESCs (Jia et al., 2025). Here, PTEN is linked to acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation.