A cross-sectional study of 171 T2DM patients found that increased ultrasound-measured PRAT thickness was independently inversely correlated with eGFR, with gender differences: males with the same WC had a more pronounced inverse correlation between PRAT and eGFR, suggesting PRAT’s role in renal dysfunction in T2DM (63). Here, PPAT is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.