This study aimed to determine the thiol-based redox system and glutathione homeostasis by evaluating erythrocyte glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and serum thiol/disulfide and GSH parameters in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, SOD1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.