TNF and atrial fibrillation: Abbreviations: AMPK = AMP-activated protein kinase, IL = interleukin, NF-κB = nuclear factor-κB, ROS = reactive oxygen species, TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α, SGLT-2 = sodium-glucose cotransporter-2, eNOS = endothelial nitric oxide synthase, AF = atrial fibrillation, NLRP3 = nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3.