We next evaluated the association of these 10 candidate genes with lung cancer metastasis by using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE72094), which showed that PTS, DGKI, and ALDH1B1 mRNA levels were strongly correlated with the malignancy and prognosis of lung cancer patients (Supplementary Fig. 1d, e). Here, ALDH1B1 is linked to lung carcinoma.