In general, effect estimates were in the same direction as for the primary analysis and between-group statistical significance were generally observed for men (over women), individuals with T2D (over prediabetes), individuals with NAFLD (over no NAFLD) and individuals with the I148M PNPLA3 CC-genotype (over CG/GG). The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.