Among these proteins, five out of six identified urine proteins,including UMOD, ALB, LYZ, MPO, and LTF, that promote the formationof kidney stones in humans were found in the bottlenose urine proteome.Eight out of 11 urine proteins, including UMOD, S100A6, S100A12, SPP1,ALB, F2, AMBP, FN1, and TF, known to inhibit kidney formation in humans,were detected in bottlenose dolphin urine. Here, FN1 is linked to nephrolithiasis.