Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)) inhibitors, have revolutionized tumor therapy, a clinical study showed that only 35.7% of patients with high PD-L1 expression achieved partial remission, and the high frequency of severe immune-related adverse events associated with these inhibitors limited their application in treating TETs [2, 10, 11]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.