CGAS and neoplasm: Furthermore, building on our prior finding that tumor-derived DNA escaping from phagolysosomes activates the cGAS-STING pathway in HER2-targeted CAR-M [18], we validated that NKG2DLs-targeted CAR-M similarly exhibited upregulated cGAS, STING, phosphorylated STING (p-STING), IRF3, and phosphorylated IRF3 (p-IRF3) post-tumor phagocytosis (Fig. 3F).