Among them, the role of Wnt signaling pathway activation in Barrett’s esophagus has been extensively studied24.The expression of TGF-β was lower in the tissue of BE25, which is known to have tumor-suppressive activity across gastrointestinal tumors, whereas once the TGF-β pathway is deregulated, it could have tumor-promoting activity26. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is esophageal adenocarcinoma.