Neutralizing anti-G-CSFR antibodies were shown to block G-CSF-induced neutrophilia, without inducing neutropenia, in non-human primates.38 Moreover, anti-G-CSFR antibodies reduced neutrophilic inflammation during pneumococcal or influenza respiratory infections, without compromising bacterial clearance39 and increased neutrophil CD62L expression, reverting them to an active antibacterial phenotype.40 The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is neutropenia.