CSF3 and fungal infectious disease: Neutrophils represent the first line defenders in acute inflammatory responses.33 Aged/exhausted CD62Llow neutrophils have been shown to contribute to sterile vascular injury and thrombosis in the model of fungal infection, despite impaired actin cytoskeleton.34 We demonstrated that tumor-derived G-CSF not only prolonged survival, but also reprogrammed neutrophils during granulopoiesis, which resulted in their aged, exhausted phenotype, with impaired antimicrobial activity and elevated tissue toxicity.