Primary neoplastic plasmacells in organoids show minimal proliferation; however, aberrant CD38+CD319+CD56+ immunophenotype is retained,as well as ALL cells with maintenance of CD19 expression. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) organoids havealso been assembled starting from NSG mice engrafted with human primaryAML cells and seeded into polyurethane scaffolds in serum- and cytokine-freemedium. Here, CD38 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.