Previous research has revealed that Notch/STAT3-induced c-Maf-dependent IL-10 signaling pathways are disrupted in effector CD4+ T cells, which leads to reduced IL-10 production and increased pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells, resulting in increased infiltration of granulocytes and myeloid cells, and worsening tissue damage in IBD (85–87). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and inflammatory bowel disease.