Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) was reported as a driver of IP collapse whereas α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), tacrolimus and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) have been shown to restore HF- IP (6–9). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is incontinentia pigmenti.